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^ Emmanuel Dreyfus (September 2004), Mac OS X binary compatibility on NetBSD: challenges and implementation (PDF)."Mach and Darwin binary compatiblity for NetBSD/powerpc and NetBSD/i386". : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help) "A Unix Interface for Shared Memory and Memory Mapped Files Under Mach": 53–67. Thompson William Bolosky Richard Sanzi (1987). ^ "OS X ABI Mach-O File Format Reference".As a more extensive solution based on this loader, the Darling Project aims at providing a complete environment allowing macOS applications to run on Linux.įor the Ruby programming language, the ruby-macho library provides an implementation of a Mach-O binary parser and editor. įor Linux, a Mach-O loader was written by Shinichiro Hamaji that can load 10.6 binaries. Some versions of NetBSD have had Mach-O support added as part of an implementation of binary compatibility, which allowed some Mac OS 10.3 binaries to be executed. To make backwards-compatible executables, the linker flag "-mmacosx-version-min=" can be used. In 10.6 these new Link Edit tables are compressed by removing unused and unneeded bits of information, however Mac OS X 10.5 and earlier cannot read this new Link Edit table format. Another significant change to the Mach-O format is the change in how the Link Edit tables (found in the _LINKEDIT section) function. The difference stems from load commands that the dynamic linker, in previous Mac OS X versions, does not understand. With the introduction of Mac OS X 10.6 platform the Mach-O file underwent a significant modification that causes binaries compiled on a computer running 10.6 or later to be (by default) executable only on computers running Mac OS X 10.6 or later.
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This allows a single binary file to contain code to support multiple instruction set architectures, for example for different generations and types of Apple devices, including different processor architectures like ARM and x86. Multiple Mach-O files can be combined in a multi-architecture binary. The Accent file format was in turn, based on an idea from Spice Lisp. The basic structure-a list of variable-length "load commands" that reference pages of data elsewhere in the file -was also used in the executable file format for Accent. When looking up symbols Mach-O uses a two-level namespace that encodes each symbol into an 'object/symbol name' pair that is then linearly searched for, first by the object and then the symbol name. Mach-O uses the REL relocation format to handle references to symbols. Each Mach-O file is made up of one Mach-O header, followed by a series of load commands, followed by one or more segments, each of which contains between 0 and 255 sections.